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diagram 1. Logistic development
Logistic development (see diagram and for example my text Sociological theory) can explain a difference between a qualitative change and quantitative change. It
shows that each kind of so called qualitative change, like for example liquefaction of gas, is just some form
of quantitative change. Marxists are using conception of change where quantitative changes transform to
qualitative change. But this idea is containing fundamental mistake that there is a difference between qualitative and quantitative change.What I would like to emphasize is each so called qualitative change, for example the transition of water into ice, or steam into water, is actually a cumulative quantitative change; that is, a quantitative change taking place quickly over a short period of time. (the above paragraph is from year 2008) 2. Let us assume an existence of homogenous formation space-time-matter, shortly STM.
Illustrative formula but not mathematical: STM = S + TM = T + SM = M + ST [spacetimematter = space + timematter = time + spacematter = matter + spacetime] M + ST is concerning macroscopic conditions. If - M, + ST matter loses then spacetime profit, it is distance - perspective, objects decrease with distance - ordinary contraction. If + M, - ST matter profit then spacetime loses, it is bringing closer - perspective, objects increase in progress of bringing closer - ordinary dilatation. S + TM is concerning microscopic conditions. If - TM, + S timematter loses then space profit, it leads to waves and fields. If - S, + TM space loses then timematter profit, it leads to particles. (the above paragraph is from year 2011) 3. Galactical model of subquark particles. Electrons, quarks and gluons possess internal structure, consist of quadrillion of particles of size about 10^-35 m [they correspond with photons], these then from quadrillion of particles about 10^-50 m, these then from quadrillion of particles about 10^-65 m [they correspond with gravitons]. To confirm legitimacy of assuming of hypothesis of internal structure of smallest from hitherto known structural subatomic particles as electrons, quarks and gluons it can be invoked the theory of science created by A.Comte (see after text Comte's Theory of Science).
diagram 2. Galatical model
Every following field uses in a large extent from previous, sociology from biology - theory of evolution, biology
from chemistry - an example biochemistry, chemistry from physics - even if structure of atom and periodic table,
physics from astronomy. Invoking astronomy it can be in physics reach eg. conception of existence of atoms and
their internal structure - stars, planets, planetary system. It can be also reach models applied in conception
of subquark particles and QG. It is galactical, cosmical and supercosmical model. Mystery of dark matter
can be explained in this way that preonical particles possess mass (the above part is from year 2014).
A more careful analysis of the galactical model leads to the conclusion that there are more types of particles of the right type. Types of stars, by supergiants, giants, dwarfs, all the way to the supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy would correspond to the types of these particles. Cosmical model analysis leads to similar conclusions, where the types of particles would correspond to the appropriate types of galaxies. At the end, the analysis of the supercosmical model leads to similar conclusions.In addition, it can be assumed that there are types of photon-like particles and corresponding waves with significantly higher speeds than the speed of light. So there are non-electromagnetic waves far above the speed of light (the above part is from year 2019).
Main particle from the galactical model will correspond to a supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy. Perhaps quarks are made of such particles (the above part of this paragraph is from year 2023). 4. Two theories which modern physics is based on is the general theory of relativity (GR) and quantum mechanics (QM). GR refers to great phenomena in cosmic scales, where gravity works. QM refers to phenomena in microscale, relates to particles and interactions. Years of research have shown that these two theories work well in experiments. On the other hand they are incompatible with each other. This inconsistency is revealed in very much small scale, Planck scale. To solve it, one should discover the theory showing a deeper reality, it will be the TOE (Theory of everything), explaining all phenomena in the universe.
Among ancient theories, apart from atomism, we can find another one equally useful theory created by the Greek sophist Gorgias who lived in the 5th century BC, which turns out to be helpful in searching for the TOE. In the work On Non-Existence we can find the first thesis of this theory: nothing exists. Well, the ultimate basis for everything is nothingness (the above part of this paragraph is from year 2019).
In the first generation of particles (see paragraph 3), space changes state and creates matter. These particles are actually made of space, only space in an altered state. Gravitons are made of space. This space in the case of gravitons is in an altered state (this also applies to particles at a level close to the level of gravitons that build matter). Gravitons are bulges of space. Due to the curvature of space, they acquire an attractive charge. These are the basics of Quantum Gravity (the above part of this paragraph is from year 2023).
At a lower level of the TOE, it will be a concept where space creates matter. And more specifically the square microgrid of space, 10^-80 m in size creates matter by twisting (more precisely, it creates the smallest particles by twisting, and these combine into larger particles). This is similar to earlier computer simulations, where the simulation grids gave images of three-dimensional objects. This microgrid is like a mental simulation, and to some extent it is. The basis for matter is rectangular microgrid of space sizes in the order of 10^-80 m (the above part of this paragraph is from year 2019).
The concept of a square microgrid of space is probably compatible with the holographic concept, as this microgrid probably exists in two dimensions. Gravity would be the concave bending of this microgrid (see diagram 3), under the influence of its accumulation in the form of matter which it creates by twisting. Gravitons are formed directly from this microgrid, and through its concavity they acquire an attractive charge. Gravitons are bulges of the considered microgrid. Other particles from a level close to the level of gravitons hang from the considered microgrid as if on a string.
diagram 3. Represents gravity in two-dimensional space. The picture is closer to the truth than you might think. Gravity is actually the concavity of a two-dimensional square microgrid, of course this microgrid is much finer than shown in the image above.
(the above part of this paragraph is from year 2023)
5. In the geocentric model, matter has a major advantage over mind. The Sun next to the Earth in this model has some significance. This model corresponds to materialism and realism with the addition of idealism. And in the heliocentric model, mind has a major advantage over matter. A major advantage because the earth plays a certain, albeit small, role in this model. Berkeley's system, which was a Copernican revolution in philosophy, is not fully compatible with the heliocentric model, because it does not take into account the Earth orbiting the sun. The heliocentric model corresponds to idealism with a slight admixture of materialism and realism. The heliocentric model is subordinated to the galactical model 2 (different from the model presented in paragraph 3) where all the stars in the galaxy revolve around a supermassive black hole at the center of the galaxy. The galactical model 2 corresponds to idealism involving materialism and realism where the dominant mind is the conscious mind (due to the accretion disk) based on an unconscious process (black hole) based on a peculiar form of matter (singularity inside a black hole).
It seems that the best solution to the materialism-idealism problem and realism-idealism problem is to adopt the geocentric model in my new positions of ideomaterialism and ideorealism. As the geocentric model seems to be closer to natural perception, the heliocentric model and galactical model 2 more distant, in the position of ideomatrialism I assume the predominance of matter over mind. In the position of ideorealism I assume the predominance mind-independent existence over mental existence. This mind is the minds of conscious forms and the universal mind which is unconscious.
I adopt the geocentric model because it seems more natural and is the model that comes to mind first. The eternal dispute between idealism and realism finds a solution in the synthesis of these positions, which is my ideomaterialism and ideorealism.
Microscopic phenomena are mental-material phenomena. Except that matter has an advantage over mind in them. These are to some extent mental processes and therefore depend on the mind of the observer, as implied by quantum mechanics.
The microgrid described in paragraph 4 is a material-mental structure. To some extent it is a mental simulation, a simulation of the unconscious mind.
It is worth noting that the concept of matter should be revised. The smallest particles are formed directly from space (a square microgrid of space of the order of 10^-80 m) then combine to form heavier matter. So matter is essentially space. (the above paragraph is from year 2023) 6. Popper's Falsificationism seems to be wrong because the theory tests always strive to confirm it or confirmation and not refute it. So this concept is not unreliable with the actual way science is practiced. From the point of view of scientific research, striving to refute the theory seems to be a kind of nonsense and is something illogical.
For example, General Relativity found confirmation in the Mercury orbit anomalies that Newton's theory could not explain. This confirmation is treated as proof of the validity of the theory. Of course, you can give more examples.
Knowledge is inherently uncertain, as the ancient skeptics have already demonstrated. Therefore, science must use invalid inferences. Induction inferences is one of the basic types of inference of empirical sciences. These are uncertain inferences. Deductive inferences belong to the field of formal sciences such as mathematics and logic. On the basis of empirical science, the use of deduction is not meaningfully possible. By the way, ancient skeptics have also undermined the credibility of the deduction. 7. Solipsism assumes that there is only me, and all reality along with other subjects is only my imagination. Solipsism is more consistent than the positions of Bishop Berkeley. Berkeley assumes that observable things and phenomena are only systems of impressions, because only impressions are directly accessible to us, and assuming the existence of non mental matter is unauthorized speculation. Independence and order as well as existence beyond the perception of things and phenomena observed Berkeley justifies that they are perceived by God.
Berkeley accepts the existence of other subjects, which seems unjustified, a more consistent position is solipsism, which in some formulation may formulate the thesis that the things and phenomena observed are only systems of my private impressions, including other subjects. So since we accept the existence of other subjects, then on this basis we have the full right to accept existence beyond the mental reality. This argument is the strongest argument against Berkeley's theory, let me call it an argument from solipsism. 8. Mainly rubbish fills present physics, for example - cosmical branes giving beginning to big bang and creating other universes, multidimensionality, strings existing in 10 dimensions, parallel universes, microblisters, hyperspace and so on. They are products of exuberant speculation completely detached from reality. 9. Induction would provide knowledge about the future, as would all scientific prediction. However, any transfer of the past to the future is contradictory, because the future does not yet exist and is therefore non-empirical, unverifiable. Therefore, there is no reasoning that gives some knowledge, because 1. there cannot be knowledge about what is not empirical 2. there cannot be knowledge about what does not yet exist, therefore knowledge by its very nature is uncertain and if it was certain it would have to be contradictory. Still different, if certain knowledge is such knowledge that leads to the future, it can be seen that it is impossible because the future does not yet exist. Therefore, no reasoning about facts can be certain. We can't even know what will happen in a few seconds because the future does not yet exists. 10. Are there general abstract ideas? Do they exist in any separate world or reality? Well, the question of whether there is a world of ideas can be answered in the affirmative or negative if we answer the question whether there are general abstract ideas at all. The answer to this question is that these ideas do not exist. General abstract ideas are contradictory, for example, the idea of a tree must combine the properties of large and small trees, with serrated, round, coniferous leaves and so on. 11. For philosophy not questions are important but answers. Philosophy has not to pose, to multiply questions and leave it unanswered. What allegedly has to be its characteristic attribute. As same as science has not to pose questions and leave it unanswered. A function of philosophy, as same as of science is both to pose as and to give answers. But second are much more precious then first. 12. The development of science cannot overtake the moral development of society, an example of such a phenomenon is the release of atomic energy (under the pressure of Hitler's actions), this example should be a warning to future researchers to carefully present certain results, and hide some facts as necessary. Consider how you can make use of your concepts and the scale of the threat. 13. Marxism's errors consist in the fact that 1. the final development is the middle class, not the working class 2. A process of qualitative transition is not necessarily and usually not revolutionary. Even a demographic boom with a growth rate of 2% per year is not revolutionary but evolutionary. Against the background of previous development, it seems very fast, but only because that one was very slow. Therefore, if changes are needed, they should be endeavor gradually, though dynamically reaching them finally 3. Any so called qualitative change - for example, the transition of water into ice, or steam into water - is actually a cumulative quantitative change; that is, a quantitative change taking place quickly over a short period of time. 14. Plato proposed an involutionary model of social development based on gradual decline and degeneration. Which exactly contradicts evidently occurring social evolution and the emergence of an increasingly perfect system. Popper, in opposing historicism, did not take into account the theory of Spencer or Comte, where the development is shown so clearly that only a complete fool can deny it, it probably resulted from his ignorance. 15. Most metaphysics is irrelevant because it uses a not-so-precise, accurate, clear language. With such formalization of physics and chemistry, an informal study of reality should be possible, one should only indicate what it should look like, it should be a scientific philosophy, clear and linguistic precise. Examples include the Gorgias system, the Democritus system and the Berkeley system, others include philosophy closely related to empirical sciences, theory of science or philosophy explicitly referring to empirical sciences. 16. Characteristics of extended theory of evolution of Herbert Spencer, presents as follows - process of evolution is an integration of matter, whereat matter passes from a state of undefined, incoherent homogeneity, simplicities, primordialities, physicalnesses, unformed, amorphisms, undimensional, uniformity, homomorphism to a definite, coherent heterogenicity, complexities, modernities, culture, formation, construction, dimensionality, variousness, polymorphism. This seizure of process of evolution has a polycomplex character. 17. Astrology is the same what a divination from scattered animal bones - so from an aleatorily obtained configuration, function of bones fulfil planets; "accuracy" comes from inaccuracy of used categories which each separately can contain any property or notion. Of course, information value of such "method" must be equal zero. 18. Against claims of such philosophers as Popper atomism does not descend from metaphysical speculations. Democritus took over this view from Hindus during his travels in the east, conception of atoms existed there at the very latest about VIII century BC, and was based on paranormal perceptions of yogis - a source could be only paranormal activity, but for sure not philosophical speculation, in Europe spherical atoms appeared not before XIX century AD. 19. The basic errors of typical philosophy are rationalism and turbidity. For example, Kant seems to build a system that does not respect the principles of empiricism, and this alone means that its concept must be wrong at its very root. In addition, the writings of Plato, Aristotle, Hegel or Kant seem unbearably cloudy. (year 2020) 20. I know from my own research experience that the most important concept for the entire theory of science is the process of scientific discovery. The physical model of the psychological process of discovery is the strike of lightning. Discovery is a mental flash, the manifestation of a higher intellectual process. Larger discoveries are usually a manifestation of a scientist's genius. Certain competences in the form of the knowledge accumulated by the scientist are required to be discovered. (year 2022) Gregory Podgorniak, Poland
Comte's Theory of Science
According to him whole of sciences consists of theoretical and applied knowledge. Theoretical
knowledge divide on general as physics or biology, which are an object of his research and detailed
such as botany, zoology or mineralogy. Main fields mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry,
biology and sociology it is possible to order according to decrescent range of research and
complicatedness of theoretical tools what is connected with growing complexity of investigated
phenomenones. Following sciences are based on previous, for example to methodically capture chemistry,
we must imply acquaintance of physics, because all chemical phenomena are more complicated than
physical phenomena, are also from them dependent and themselves do not have on them an influence.
Similarly sciences classified as earlier, are older and more advanced from these which are presented
as later. This theory is clearly analogous to Mariotte's Law.
Mariotte's Law
Edme Mariotte (1620-1684) French physicist, meteorologist, physiologist. He initiated meteorological
research and measurement. In his Discourse on the Nature of Air (1676) coined the word barometer
and formulate basic tenet of physics called Mariotte's law states that at constant
temperature T volume V of a given quantity of gas is inversely proportional as its pressure
p:
pV = constant
its graph is hyperbole:
pV = const = nrT
p = rT / V
about the author, My name is Gregory Podgorniak (brn. 01.1977, Szczecinek, West Pomerania, Poland). I am working on field of natural as well as social sciences. During philosophical studies at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan (1996-1999) I was actively act in student scientific organisation, got a scientific scholarship, and one from my articles titled Circulus vitiosus and fourfold petitio principii in the system
of Descartes was published in Humanistic Drafts of Publishing House of Humaniora Foundation in Poznan, no. 6, 1998. Unfortunately certain fate events made impossible to me continuing studies to master's and later doctor's degree. Thence I was forced to be content only with a title of bachelor.Thanks to deep and penetrating researchings I was able to establish indisputably some number of my past incarnations reaching of ancient period, these data are certain, these incarnations are: Auguste Comte (1798-1857) French philosopher and sociologist, Edme Mariotte (1620-1684) French physicist and meteorologist, Bodhidharma (5th or 6th century) buddhist patriarch, Aenesidemus (1 st century BC) Greek sceptical philosopher, Arcesilaus (315-241 BC) Greek sceptical philosopher, Gorgias (485-380 BC) Greek sophist. email contact: podgorniakgre@gmail.com see also my text: How to increase your IQ level ? How to improve your IQ ? map of my research
